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Showing 3 results for Calcium
Impact of Nanochitin on Serum Concentration of Iron and Calcium in Wistar Rats
Negin Valizadeh Keshmeshtapeh, Dr Somayeh Namroodi, Dr Shohreh Taziki,
Volume 16, Issue 5 (9-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Considering the increasing use of nanochitin for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions, examining the biological effects of this substance on the level of essential metals for humans and animals is crucial. Therefore, this study investigated impact of oral administration of nanochitin on serum levels of iron (Fe) and calcium (Ca) in Wistar rats.
Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four treatment groups and one control group. Two groups were fed with nanochitin at doses of 1.6 and 2.6 μg/g for 6 weeks, and the other two groups received the mentioned doses for 10 weeks. Serum concentrations of Fe and Ca were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy.
Results: Oral administration of 2.6 μg/g nanochitin for 10 weeks caused a significant decrease in serum Ca and Fe concentrations (p<0.05). Oral administration of 1.6 and 2.6 μg/g nanochitin for 6 weeks caused a non-significant reduction in serum Fe and Ca concentrations (p>0.05). However, nanochitin consumption for 10 weeks resulted in a significant decrease in serum Fe concentration but not Ca.
Conclusion: The limited reduction of serum Fe and Ca concentrations after oral consumption of nanochitin at a low dose and for a limited duration indicates that the controlled use of nanochitin could be safe for animals. However, complementary studies are needed to determine the exact effects of nanochitin on the animals’ bodies. On the other hand, it is recommended to use Fe and Ca supplements after consuming high doses of nanochitin for longer periods.
Comparison of the Levels of Bone Metabolic Markers between Young Female Basketball Players and Non-Athlete Females
Asra Askari, Bobysun Askari, Saqqa Farajtabar Behrestaq,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (1-2023)
Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. It is the most common chronic metabolic bone disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the level of bone metabolic markers including parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium, and phosphorus between female basketball players and non-athlete females.
Methods: Twelve female professional basketball players (aged 20-35 years) of the Super League of Golestan Province (Iran) were enrolled as the experimental group. Fifteen age-matched non-athlete females were also selected as the control group. Plasma levels of PTH, ALP, calcium, and phosphorus were compared between the study groups.
Results: The levels of PTH (p=0.004) and ALP (p=0.001) were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. The levels of calcium and phosphorus did not differ significantly between the study groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results, it could be stated that performing weight-bearing sports activities such as basketball can improve the density of bone minerals and the factors stimulating bone formation.

Diagnostic value of polarized optical microscopy in pseudogout: A review of calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease in the clinical laboratory
Mohammadreza Sheikh Sajjadieh,
Volume 19, Issue 6 (11-2025)
Abstract
Background: Pseudogout, also known as calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease, is a common but often underdiagnosed crystal-induced arthropathy. It occurs when CPPD crystals deposit in articular cartilage and synovial fluid. Because its clinical manifestations often mimic gout or septic arthritis, accurate differentiation is essential for appropriate patient management. Recognition of the unique pathophysiology and crystal morphology of pseudogout is therefore critical for laboratory diagnosis.
Methods: This narrative review summarizes and integrates findings from selected, well-established sources to provide clinical and laboratory perspectives, highlight best practices, and identify areas requiring standardization. The existing evidence regarding the diagnostic application of polarized optical microscopy (POM) in pseudogout was evaluated. Key themes include the principles of POM, optimal specimen collection and handling, techniques for accurate crystal identification, and recommended laboratory workflow practices. Additionally, the review discusses factors that influence diagnostic accuracy, such as technician proficiency and the use of standardized microscopic evaluation protocols.
Results: The findings indicate that polarized light microscopy remains the gold standard for identifying CPPD crystals. Rhomboid-shaped crystals exhibiting weakly positive birefringence are characteristic of pseudogout and allow reliable differentiation from monosodium urate crystals observed in gout. Proper specimen preparation - particularly timely examination of fresh synovial fluid - and adherence to standardized microscopy practices significantly enhance diagnostic yield. In addition, targeted technician training in crystal recognition improves interobserver consistency and reduces misclassification.
Conclusion: Polarized light microscopy is an indispensable tool for the accurate laboratory diagnosis of pseudogout. Increasing awareness of crystal morphology, improving specimen-handling practices, and investing in consistent technician training can substantially enhance diagnostic accuracy. Standardizing the use of POM across clinical laboratories will support earlier detection and improved clinical management of pseudogout.

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